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The SHOW GRANTS statement lists one of the following:
- The roles granted to users in a cluster.
- The privileges granted to users on databases, user-defined functions, schemas, tables, user-defined types, or external connections.
Syntax
Show privilege grants
Use the following syntax to show the privileges granted to users on database objects:
SHOW GRANTS [ON [DATABASE | FUNCTION | SCHEMA | TABLE | TYPE | EXTERNAL CONNECTION] <targets...>] [FOR <users...>]
When DATABASE is omitted, the schema, tables, and types in the current database are listed.
Show role grants
Use the following syntax to the show the role grants for users in a cluster.
SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE [<roles...>] [FOR <users...>]
Parameters
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
targets |
A comma-separated list of database, function, schema, table, or user-defined type names. If the function name is not unique, you must provide the full function signature. To list the privilege grants for all tables in the current database, you can use SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE *. |
users |
A comma-separated list of the users whose privileges or roles you want to show. |
roles |
A comma-separated list of the roles whose grants you want to show. |
Response
Privilege grants
The SHOW GRANTS ON [DATABASE | FUNCTION | SCHEMA | TABLE | TYPE | EXTERNAL CONNECTION] statement can return the following fields, depending on the target object specified:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
database_name |
The name of the database. |
function_name |
The name of the user-defined function. |
schema_name |
The name of the schema. |
table_name |
The name of the table. |
type_name |
The name of the user-defined type. |
connection_name |
The name of the external connection. |
grantee |
The name of the user or role that was granted the privilege. |
privilege_type |
The name of the privilege. |
is_grantable |
TRUE if the grantee has the grant option on the object; FALSE if not. |
Role grants
The SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE statement returns the following fields:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
role_name |
The name of the role. |
member |
The users in the role. |
is_admin |
If true, the role is an admin role. |
Required privileges
No privileges are required to view privileges granted to users.
For
SHOW GRANTS ON ROLES, the user must have theSELECTprivilege on the system table.
Examples
Show all grants
To list all grants for all users and roles on the current database and its tables:
> SHOW GRANTS;
database_name | schema_name | object_name | object_type | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+--------------------+---------------------------------------------+-------------+---------+----------------+---------------
...
movr | public | promo_codes | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | promo_codes | table | root | ALL | t
movr | public | rides | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | rides | table | root | ALL | t
movr | public | user_promo_codes | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | user_promo_codes | table | root | ALL | t
movr | public | users | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | users | table | root | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicle_location_histories | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicle_location_histories | table | root | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicles | table | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicles | table | root | ALL | t
(609 rows)
Show a specific user or role's grants
> CREATE USER max WITH PASSWORD roach;
> GRANT ALL ON DATABASE movr TO max WITH GRANT OPTION;
> SHOW GRANTS FOR max;
database_name | schema_name | object_name | object_type | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | NULL | NULL | database | max | ALL | t
movr | public | NULL | schema | public | CREATE | f
movr | public | NULL | schema | public | USAGE | f
(3 rows)
Show grants on databases
Specific database, all users and roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON DATABASE movr;
database_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | admin | ALL | t
movr | max | ALL | t
movr | public | CONNECT | f
movr | root | ALL | t
(4 rows)
Specific database, specific user or role:
> SHOW GRANTS ON DATABASE movr FOR max;
database_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | max | ALL | t
movr | public | CONNECT | f
(2 rows)
Show grants on tables
> GRANT ALL ON TABLE users TO max WITH GRANT OPTION;
Specific table, all users and roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE users;
database_name | schema_name | table_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | users | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | users | max | ALL | t
movr | public | users | root | ALL | t
(3 rows)
Specific table, specific role or user:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE users FOR max;
database_name | schema_name | table_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | users | max | ALL | t
(1 row)
All tables, all users and roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE *;
database_name | schema_name | table_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+----------------------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | promo_codes | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | promo_codes | root | ALL | t
movr | public | rides | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | rides | root | ALL | t
movr | public | user_promo_codes | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | user_promo_codes | root | ALL | t
movr | public | users | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | users | max | ALL | t
movr | public | users | root | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicle_location_histories | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicle_location_histories | root | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicles | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | vehicles | root | ALL | t
(13 rows)
All tables, specific users or roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TABLE * FOR max;
database_name | schema_name | table_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | users | max | ALL | t
(1 row)
Show grants on schemas
> CREATE SCHEMA cockroach_labs;
> GRANT ALL ON SCHEMA cockroach_labs TO max WITH GRANT OPTION;
Specific schema, all users or roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON SCHEMA cockroach_labs;
database_name | schema_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+----------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | cockroach_labs | admin | ALL | t
movr | cockroach_labs | max | ALL | t
movr | cockroach_labs | root | ALL | t
(3 rows)
Specific schema, specific users or roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON SCHEMA cockroach_labs FOR max;
database_name | schema_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+----------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | cockroach_labs | max | ALL | t
(1 row)
Show grants on user-defined types
To show privileges on user-defined types, use the following statements.
> CREATE TYPE status AS ENUM ('available', 'unavailable');
> GRANT ALL ON TYPE status TO max WITH GRANT OPTION;
Specific type, all users or roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TYPE status;
database_name | schema_name | type_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+-----------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | status | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | status | max | ALL | t
movr | public | status | public | USAGE | f
movr | public | status | root | ALL | t
(4 rows)
Specific type, specific users or roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON TYPE status FOR max;
database_name | schema_name | type_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+-----------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | status | max | ALL | t
movr | public | status | public | USAGE | f
(2 rows)
Show grants on user-defined functions
To show the grants defined on the num_users function created in Create a function that references a table, run:
SHOW GRANTS ON FUNCTION num_users;
database_name | schema_name | routine_id | routine_signature | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
----------------+-------------+------------+-------------------+---------+----------------+---------------
movr | public | 100118 | num_users() | admin | ALL | t
movr | public | 100118 | num_users() | public | EXECUTE | f
movr | public | 100118 | num_users() | root | ALL | t
(3 rows)
Show all grants on external connections
To show all grants defined on an external connection, run:
SHOW GRANTS ON EXTERNAL CONNECTION my_backup_bucket;
connection_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
--------------------+-----------+----------------+-------------
my_backup_bucket | alice | DROP | t
my_backup_bucket | alice | USAGE | t
my_backup_bucket | max | DROP | f
my_backup_bucket | max | USAGE | f
my_backup_bucket | root | ALL | f
(5 rows)
Show grants on external connections by user
To show the grants defined on an external connection for a specific user, run:
SHOW GRANTS ON EXTERNAL CONNECTION my_backup_bucket FOR alice;
connection_name | grantee | privilege_type | is_grantable
--------------------+-----------+----------------+-------------
my_backup_bucket | alice | DROP | t
my_backup_bucket | alice | USAGE | t
(2 rows)
Show role memberships
> CREATE ROLE moderator;
> GRANT moderator TO max;
All members of all roles:
> SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE;
role_name | member | is_admin
------------+--------+-----------
admin | root | t
moderator | max | f
(2 rows)
Members of a specific role:
> SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE moderator;
role_name | member | is_admin
------------+--------+-----------
moderator | max | f
(1 row)
Roles of a specific user or role:
> SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE FOR max;
role_name | member | is_admin
------------+--------+-----------
moderator | max | f
(1 row)
See also
- Authorization
CREATE ROLEDROP ROLESHOW ROLESGRANTREVOKESHOW GRANTS- Manage Users
cockroachCommands Overview- Information Schema
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